Safety apparatus for protection and defense against burglary and violation of habitations



y 1931. F. A. DUQUESNE 1,806,242

NASGAINST 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 CTION AND DEFENSE ATIO SAFETY APPARATUS FOR PROTE BURGLARY AND VIOL N OF HABITATIO Filed July 10, 1929 F. A. DUQUESNE 1,806,242

PRO AND DEFENSE AGAINST May 19, 1931.

SA'FETY APPARATUS TECTION BURGLARY VIC ION OF HABI Io Filed Ju 10, 1929 Sh s-Sheet 2 SAFETY APPARATUS FOR PROTECTION AND DEFENSE AGAINST BURGLARY AND VIOLATION OF HABITATIONS Filed July 10, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 19, 1931. F. A. DUQUESNE 1,806,242

May 19, 1931. F. A. DUQUESNE SAFETY APPARATUS FOR PROTECTION AND DEFENSE AGAINST BURGLARY AND VIOLATION OF HABITATIONS Filed July 10, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 F mm u I a. k :fi s E J m llllil: .l unnnillln N 1||1|||:.|l|..||||=-\|: -..||-:I| L I l I I I I I I 1 I I l I I I l I -lilL F. A. DUQUESNE 1,806,242

May 19, 1931.

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR PROTECTION AND nsrnusa AGAINST BURGLARY AND VIOLATION OF HABITA'I'IONS Filed July 10, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Iiqae Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED. STATES PATENT FFlfiE FERDINAND ALEXANDRE DTIQUESNE, OF ST.,MAUR DES FOSSES, FRANCE SAFETY APPARATUS'FOR PROTECTION AND DEFENSE AGAINST BURGLARY AND VIOLATION "OF HABITATIONS Application filed July 10, 1929, Serial No. 377,268, and in France July 12, 1928.

Thisinvention relates .to improvements in the invention being to .providean improved apparatus of this character which is eflective 5 inoperation and can be readilyinstalled.

With theabove and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

In the -accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a section through the burglar alarm according to the line 1-1 of Figure 2.

Figure 2is a plan of the same. Figure 3 is-a detail inverted plan ofrthe seatfor the barrel.

Figure 4 is aperspective of the detent. Figure 5 is a plan of the. apparatus partly in horizontal section.

Figure 6 is'a vertical-sectional viewofthe same. i V

Figure 7 is a similar view on theapla-neindr cated bytheline77 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is an elevation of a portion of a door provided with fastening devices in-ac- 25 cordance with this invention.

Figure 9 is adetail sectionof thesame on a plane indicated by the=line 99rof Figure '8. Figure 10 is a similar view with parts in a different position than as shown in Figure 9. Figure 11 is a detail perspective of'the bolt. Figure 12 is an elevation of a door inclosed position and provided with my improved fastening and burglar alarm==appa-ratus.

Figure '13 is a detail-elevation of an element of the fastening device. i

. Fi ure 1 1 is a sectional-view of the same on the plane indicated by the line 14-14 of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a detail horizontal sectional view of part of the fastening apparatus.

Figure 16 is a detail elevationrof another part of thefastening apparatus.

F igurel'? is a sectional view of thesame on the plane indicated by the line 17. 17 of Fig- K are 16.

Figure 18 isa detail elevation partly in section of the member 82 and its connections. Figure 19 is a similar view of the same showing the member-81 in a diiferentposition than in Figure 18.

Figure -20 is a detail elevation partly in section ofthe Windlass.

The alarm apparatus (Figs. 1 and 2) comprises a barrel 1 mounted upon a bed-plateQ and cast in one piece with a sector-like seat 2}, which encloses an appropriate angle (7 0 1n the shown example) with the barrel.

The seat engages two slideways 1 V-like and mounted upon the upper partof the bedplate 2 and is thereby fixed to the latter, a

stud 5 maintained in the seat 3 by a pin 6, en-

gaging a hole provided in the bed-plate and preventing all :recoil of the seat 3 in the slideways 1.

Inithe'seat3 is articulated, on an axis 7, a breachblock 8 (Figs. 1 and 3) which closes the breach of the barrel, filling the empty .spaceprovided bythe inclination of the barrel and serving especially as abuffer'to receive the shock and prevent the barrel from;

moving rearwardly.

In order to chargethe barrel it will sufvfice to lift the stud 5 and to pull the barrel until the seat 3 has left the slideways 4 whereupon the barrel can be reversed;

afterpivoting the breach block 8-around its axle so as to open the breach of the barrel,

the cartridge is inserted into the same. The

border 9 of the breach-barrel is engaged by the rim of the'cartridge shell. Finallythe -breachblock is placed against the cartridge and the whole is put in its: place by the introduction of the seat Blinto its slideways 4.

fInorder to extract the cartridge it is only necessary to reverse the operation, as will be v understood. If the removal of the cartridge is diflicult by hand, a tool suitably pointed can be introduced into the shoulder 9 through a groove 10 so asto start the cartridge: shell.

The breechblock 8 is provided with an."

opening 11 in its center, corresponding to an aperture 12 in the bed-plate 2 so as to'per- .mitthepassage of the firing pin 13 (Figs. 1

and 5).

The pin 13 is carried by a hammer 14 oscil lating upon an axle 15 held by twopieces 16 fixed by screws 16 to the upper wall of the bed-plate.

The hammer 14 passes outwardly ofthe bed-plate through an 0peningr17 in the same and inath umb piece 18 pressed downwardly in order to cock the apparatus. Th'e cocking of the hammer 14 is effected by a detent tumbler (Fig. 4) comprising an arm 19 and a heel 20 mounted, the one upon a plate 21 andthe other upon a plate 22.

The twolplates'21, 22 are interconnected by fixedv in. the bed-plate byv two screws 26.

two cross-pieces 23 and carry pivots 24,24 situatedin the same vertical axis. 7 The arm; v19 is provided with'a'head 25 slitin" its cen The block 26 is providedwitha housing containing the spring 27 for operating the hammer 14.' The latter is provided with a stud 28 screwed into itiand preventing the spring "from escaping laterally. 1, I Astraight spring-blade 29 engaging solidinto'tjhe slotin'thehead 25 of the tumbler 'ands'erves to bring back constantlythe arm ly the block 26 passes with its free extremity 3 19 into the axis of the hammer 14-placed just above, and to maintain the detent'20' above the hammer 14,'the spring 27 having-been previously tensioned .by pressure upon the thumb piece 18. I V It will be understood that lateral movement of thestaple-tumbler is followed by-alateral displacement ofthe dc-tent 20 and eifects release of the hammer, which is then moved to firing position by the spring-2'1. v: The tumbler is actuated by a rod 30 (Fig.

I 6) traversing the bed-plate 2 and driven more =which it abuts against the ':tumbler (Fig. 5). f

. By placing the bed-plate neara door, with the vrod 30 extending laterally outwardly, the

orless into the bed-plate in. the interior of head 25' ofthe door P when opened willencounter this'rod and moveit and thereby cause the, disengage V ment of the'tumbler;

The apparatus canbe disengagedby pull-' ing therod 30 out of engagement withthe door; Q 4

The rod 30 can'beused at either sideof the bed-plate; It'suffices to change-the position of-the head 31 upon the rod,therhead being I held upon the latter by a screw 32. After the "fixation of the head upon the other extremity of the rod the said-screw isscrewed into the hole 33.

I The head 31 forms a socket to receive a rod 3 for starting or stopping of the apparatus. 60

' 34 is aspindle traversing the head 31 and permitting the connection with thesaid con trolling rod.

The bed-plate 2(Figs. 1 and 2) carries also gong 35 fixed by threescrews 36 upon the bedpla'te at one or the other side of the same jforated by the projectiles.

and near one of the openings 37 provided in the upper'wall of'the bed-plate. Threaded holes 38 are-provided in advance for the screws 36.

The gong35 (Figs. 6 and 7 is carried a 4 plate 39 provided with a' socket '40 to penetrate into one of the openings 37 and to carry the hammer 41. The latter is articulated in the socket 40 by anaxle 42 and terminates at its base with aprojection 43. 44 is a spring blade abutting against the plate 39 and at- 1 tach'ed to thehammer.

' The projection 43 is acted upon by a pin 45 traversing the rod 30 when moved rearward ly, viz. at the moment of disconnectionof the apparatus. At this moment the pin 45 acts upon the projection 43 'andthe spring 44 is tensioned; As s0on'asthepin45 continuing its strokereleases the projection. 43, the hammer 41 is thrown violently against. the gong 35 by the spring; Since there is a. free space between the spring 44 and the plate 39,"the hammer is thrown backwardly by the gong against the plate 39 and the result will be a toand fro-motion1of the'hammerzfollowed by a small chime indicating that the doorcan be opened without danger. i V.

In order tofix the apparatus and to place the. barrel in a: suitable direction, an 7 angle iron 46 utilisable in both directions can be fixed, atone-part, to the wall'and, atthe other part, to the bed-plate by means ofscrews (Fig.5). I I V A U-like iron forming the staple is attached by screws to the door and receives the rod 30 5 if it occupies the working. position; After closing the dooritis not possible to movethis rod rearwardly; Only by breaking'the door can the'rod be shifted and the apparatus thereby set to work; I c

H To conceal the gun the same may be covered by an ornamented sheet metal hood 51 (Fig.

12) fixed to' the bed-plate. 'The Iupper part of the hood is preferably provided with a thin plate of mica, celluloidor the like, easilyper- In order, to render the apparatus practical and ensure its automatic operation the latter is'actuatedby a control device combined with the lock of the-door.

' This-device comprises a 'plate '48. (Figs.

18-10) to which isscreweda casing 49v traversed by a pusher comprising around rod'50 and a socket 52 at 'one extremity of this rod. At the other extremity the rod is so -shaped that it can be articulated to'a bolt 53.

of special form- (Fig. 11) comprising a slope and a projection 54. -The otherextremity of the bolt 'is'articulatedby an axle 55' to the rod50. p

56is a spiral spring abuttingv against the bottom of the casing 49 andagain'st the bolt 53 and tending to push thelatter outwardly.

The keeper 57 of the lock is devised in such manner that the bolt 53 is permitted to. enter enter the tumbler 47.

it at the side opposite to the dormant bolt58 of the locks in case of no engagement of the latter.

For this purpose theplate 48isso placed with regard to the keeper that the bolt 53 is situated in the prolongation of-the dormant bolt- 58 of the lock andat a suitable distance so as not to impede the opening oft-he door when extending beyond the other side of the keeper.

The controlling device is connected to the fire arm by an appropriate leverage (Fig. 12)

, mounted by a pivot upon a plate 66 screwed laterally to the door, as indicated in Fig. 12.

The'workingof the apparatus is easily to be understood.

Then the lock is in its opened position, the bolt 53 pushed by-the spring 56 engages the keeper 5'? (Fig. 9) and the rods 59, 6O push the rod 30 into the bed-plate, so that the door can be opened at will.

But when shutting the door by its key and when the dormant bolt 58 of the lock engages the keeper 57, the bolt 53 of the controlling device 10) is pushedbackwardly and the rods 59, 60 actuate the rod 30 so as to draw it outwardly of the bed-plate 2 so as to The ,fire arm which has been previously loaded and cocked is now ready for operation. When forcing the lock, the bolt 58 will tear withit the keeper 5?, but at the same time it will move the bolt'53 rearwardly owingto the projcction54 applied against the bolt 58.

he bolt 53 pivots around" its axle 55. and

engages an opening 67provided in the casing 49. Now, sincethis' opening is slightlynarrower than the bolt 53, the latter is arrested and revents the pusher 50 from moving forwardly'owi'n'g to the push of the spring 56. Hence the rods 59, 6Q prevent themovement ofthe rod 30 and the firing of the firearm.

But as soon as the door is'pushed a little further, the rod 30 is thrownrearwardly and the fire arm is discharged. 7

If there was no effort to break the door, the opening of the lock moves, on the contrary,

" the rod 30into the bed-plate Qand the gong 35 sounds and indicatesthat the d'oOrcan-bereopened without danger.

To enhance the security of the door,'a bolt movable from the interior is fitted upon the plate 48, this bolt permitting working of the fire arm even if thelock'was opened by means of a false-key or ofa stolen"key. This bolt comprises a bar composed of two' pieces 68, 69 (Figs. 8, 15),"the piece 68being bent at its extremity to prevent shifting back of the bar in case the door is partly opened and to thereby prevent the discharge of the firearm. The

piece 69 is provided witlra recess-fora latch 'ZOsaid latch being terminated at'opposite sides by round rods 71, 71. The piece 68 is articulated to the piece 69 by means of an axle 72 traversing both'pieces 73 is a'button screwed to the latch and serving for the handling-of the same. The threaded bolt of this button passes into a slit 74 provided in the hollowed piece 69. The latch is provided on 'itsother side with a stud or thelike 7'5 penetrating into a slit 76 provided in the plate 48. This slit has a special form so as toguide the'movements ofthe'latch and'to block it in two different positions 76a and'76b.

The bar is held uponthe plate 48 by means of irons 77 screwed at one part to the wall and at the other part to the said plate.

By closing the door and also the lock'from the interior, the pusher is driven back by the dormant bolt of the lock and the fire arm'is, owing to this'fact, ready to be acted upon by thero'ds'59, 60. It is nowpossible to shift the bar 68, 69 and to push it, since thelatch has left its position 76a, until the latter descends vertically andits lower round rod 71" engages a hole 7 8 provided in the socket 31 of the pusher.

Thelatch'ZO hence in this position immobilized the pusher so that even in case of the lock having been opened by means of a stolen key the bolt 53 is notper'initted to follow the dormant bolt 58 and the fire arm remains in its ready position.

But the bar prevents the door from-being opened. In case of aviolentpush'upon the door causing tearing awayof'the screws 79 of the first iron 77, the'pie'ce 68 of'the bar would pivot upon the piece 69but the po'siof the door, it is possible to replace the lug 47 by the following arrangement (Figs. 16 to 18) In an a ro riate casin 80 is )rovitled P a piece 81 osclllating easily upon a transverse axle 82 and acted upon' constantly by a spring 83 so as to occupy an inclined position, the

spring abutting at one part against a beak 84 of the piece 81 and, at the other part,

against a cross piece 85 placed below the' piece 81. g V a The upper partof the casing 80 is provided' with an opening 86 making visible the upperpart of the piece 81, shaped obliquely and carrying an index 87"arr'anged to mark the vertical position of the piece 81 with regard to another index 88 traced on the cas ing 80.

The cross-piece 85 surpasses the said casing and is terminated by a socket 88, receiviio - ing an" arm :90 upon an axle 89, this arm being terminated in its lowerpart by anopening .91 arranged to receive the rod 30 of the mortar. This. arm-9O can hence oscillate around its :aXle 89a-1'1d drive back this rod, torwhich purpose this armis acted upon by a spring 7. 92 abutting against the rear wall of the casing 80 and tending to movethe arm 90 and hence therod when engaging the opening v91 of the arm;

The arm'90 is provided with a tooth 93 engagin'gf a pawl 94 pivoting around an axle 95 supported in" two-lateral walls of the carter.80.. I i

The-pawl 94 is provided with anextension 96 forming a boss,-upon which slides a cam .or the like 97 provided at the lower part of a piece 98, which slides in twocross-pieces 99, 100 fixed tothe casing 80. The piece 98 is provided with a palet 101 passing beyond thecasing through-a window 102 in the latter.

' 3103iis spindle fixed to the piece 98 and Sliding in the ss-piece 99 and in the crossbeam 85. V

I Thespindle; 103 'isprovided with a than 'der 104 serving for abutment of a spring 105 1 supported by the cross-piece 99 and pushing constantly the spindle upwardly.

Theoperationlof this embodiment {may bereadily understood. 1

1 jBy' applying against-the pialeti-10l the spindle 103 is lowered and its spring'is ten- 3 .sioned.

(The extremity-106; of the spindle is placed below the piece Sland is maintained by the latter in this position, so that its springremains tensioned. At the same time the arm 90 is acted upon so that its tooth 93 engages -:the pawl 94. Now 1 the apparatus is armed .and the rod 30 is pushed intothe opening 91.

Bv ivotinsz the iece 81 in an wa 'Fi u l a a o 19), the spindle 103 is permitted to raise iowingto the action oi its spring 105,-; Tlhe ascending spindle carries with itthe piece .98, thepassageof the cam ornotch 9Z over the. boss 96. causing disengagement of the pawl9tsfrom the tooth 93 of the ar1n 90,.-so that thespring 92 ,moves the arm andtogether with it'the. rodv 30, whereby. the fire armis'acted upon.:. In order to act-uate'the piece 81, a hole 107 lsprovided 1n the same,

receiving the eXtremity 'of a thread or wire ot metal or of any appropr ate tGXt1l6- S11bstance 108.dispo sed'in tubes or the like forming a net-work behind the door tob'e pro- ,tected'; I

V The other extremity ofthejthrea'dor wire 108 is attached to an as. 109- or a small Windlass with a ratchet wheel 110 and a pawl 111 (Fig. 20), permitting the regulation of the tension ofthe'thread' orwire 108 owing to a key 112 screwed upon the axle 109' of p the Windlass.

'The regulation is effected by bringing the index 87 of the piece 81 into a position oppositethe index 83 ot the casing 80, by overcomingthe resistance of the spring 83 which resists to the pull of the wire orthread 108 until the position of. the piece 81 isexactly vertical. Itwill b'e-understood that each sectioning ofthe thread or wire 108 frees'the spring 89 whichoscillates the piece 81 whereby the-apparatus is acted upon (Fig. 1).

If, on the contrary, the wire or thread 108 is pulled as the result of the breaking in of a panel,-the piece 81 is oscillated in the opposite direction, so that in this case, also the fire arm is discharged. p f i The operation of the burglar alarm is hence secured in both cases. V

Such a protecting arrangement can of course be'used' for other purposes such as for the protection of furniture, of walls and the like.

What I claim, is

'1. Burglar alarm apparatus comprising a fire alarm'includin'ga spring operated hammer, a detent to hold the hammer, a'trigger bar to release the detent from the hammer and door actuated operating means for the trigger bar, whereby upon opening of the door the firearm is discharged.

* I Apparatus as claimedinclaim l, including also an alarm apparatus having .con

trolling'means'actuatedby the trigger bar ,on'initialm'ovement of thetr'igger bar less than sutiicient to release the detent element.

3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including a spring active to normally hold the detent el'ement'in engaging-position with respect to the hammer.

4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the hammer'element and detent element are pivotallymountedand the pivotal axis ot- 'the'detent element is substantially at rightlangles; to thatv of the hammer element.

'5. Appar,atus as claimed inclaiin'l, in .which the hammer element and detent element are ,pivotally mounted and the. .,pivotal axis of the detent element is substantially at right angles to thatot the. hammer element and. a trigger loaris movable transversely in a plane substantially parallel to theplane of movement of the detent ele'ment.

v6. Apparatus as claimed in claim in which the hammer element and detent element are pivotally mounted and the pivotal axis of the detent element is substantially at .right angles to that of the hammer element and a trigger 'baris movable from either end transversely in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of movement of the detent element.

7 Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including a base in which the hammer element, detent element and trigger bar are mounted and on which the fire arm is also mounted and for detachment and in which the fire arm has a breech block Which is pivotally and detachably mounted on the base.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, including means arranged for application to a door panel and for actuating the trigger actuating means in the event of a breaking of the panel.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in

; which the trigger bar operating means includes a releasing element and a cord attached to said releasing element and arranged to be pulled or broken by the opening of the door.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the trigger bar operating means includes a releasing element and a cord attached to said releasing element and arranged to be pulled or broken by the opening of the i door and means to tension said cord.

In Witness whereof I affix my signature.

FERDINAND ALEXANDRE DUQUESNE. 

